KPV
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val)
A tripeptide derived from the C-terminus of alpha-MSH with potent anti-inflammatory and gut-protective properties. KPV is gaining significant attention for inflammatory bowel disease, skin inflammation, and systemic immune modulation without immunosuppression.
Mechanism of Action
KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and retains its anti-inflammatory activity. It acts on melanocortin receptors (MC1R, MC3R) on immune cells to suppress NF-κB activation, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8). In the gut, it directly enters colonocytes and inhibits inflammatory signaling, reducing mucosal damage in IBD models. It also promotes wound healing by modulating macrophage polarization from M1 (inflammatory) to M2 (reparative) phenotype. Unlike corticosteroids, KPV reduces inflammation without systemic immunosuppression.
Health Claims & Evidence
Reduces intestinal inflammation in IBD (Crohn's, ulcerative colitis)
Suppresses NF-κB-driven systemic inflammation
Promotes wound healing via macrophage M2 polarization
Anti-inflammatory effects in skin conditions (psoriasis, eczema)
Reduces systemic inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6)
Gut barrier protection and mucosal healing
Short-Term Effects
Reduced gut inflammation, improved digestive symptoms, decreased systemic inflammatory markers.
Long-Term Effects
Mucosal healing in IBD, sustained reduction in systemic inflammation, improved gut barrier integrity.
Side Effects
Extremely well-tolerated. No significant adverse effects reported in research literature.
Contraindications
Limited human safety data. Theoretical caution in melanoma (melanocortin receptor activity) — consult oncologist before use.
This profile is provided for educational research only. It is not a treatment recommendation or dosing guide. Human evidence, safety information and regulatory status vary by substance. Verify primary sources and consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical decisions.
Research Papers
The tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory effects in intestinal epithelial cells
Kannengiesser K et al. · Regulatory Peptides · 2008
Alpha-MSH and KPV inhibit NF-κB activation in macrophages
Bhardwaj RS et al. · Journal of Immunology · 1996
Oral KPV reduces colitis severity in murine models
Dalmasso G et al. · Gastroenterology · 2008
Educational research only. This profile is not a treatment recommendation or dosing guide. Human evidence, safety information and regulatory status vary by substance. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical decisions.
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