Apelin-13
Apelin-13 ([Pyr1]Apelin-13)
The most potent and abundant form of apelin. Has stronger cardioprotective and vasodilatory effects than longer apelin fragments.
Mechanism of Action
Apelin-13 binds to APJ receptors with high affinity, producing positive inotropy, vasodilation, and anti-fibrotic effects. The pyroglutamate form ([Pyr1]Apelin-13) has enhanced stability.
Health Claims & Evidence
Potent cardioprotective and inotropic effects
Vasodilation and blood pressure reduction
Anti-aging effects via APJ receptor
Short-Term Effects
Improved cardiac function, vasodilation.
Long-Term Effects
Research use primarily.
Side Effects
Limited human data. Potential hypotension.
Contraindications
Limited human safety data.
This profile is provided for educational research only. It is not a treatment recommendation or dosing guide. Human evidence, safety information and regulatory status vary by substance. Verify primary sources and consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical decisions.
Research Papers
Apelin-13 and cardiac function
Berry et al. · Circulation · 2004
Educational research only. This profile is not a treatment recommendation or dosing guide. Human evidence, safety information and regulatory status vary by substance. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical decisions.
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